---
title: "Explainers: UPI, DPDP Act, ONDC, India Stack | bharat.digital"
description: "Plain-English explainers on India's digital public infrastructure: how UPI works, what ONDC and India Stack are, and what the DPDP Act means for startups."
url: "https://bharat.digital/explainers/index.md"
canonical: "https://bharat.digital/explainers/"
updated: "2026-11-02T08:30:14+05:30"
language: "en-IN"
site: "bharat.digital"
---

# Explainers

Short guides to the systems behind India's digital economy. Written for bharat.digital, with official sources listed at the end of each.

[Explainer How UPI works What happens between scanning a QR code and the money arriving, and who does what along the way.](https://bharat.digital/explainers/how-upi-works/)[Explainer What the DPDP Act means for startups India's data protection law is now being switched on in phases. What a young company has to do, and by when.](https://bharat.digital/explainers/dpdp-act-for-startups/)[Explainer What ONDC is An open network for digital commerce: why a shopper on one app can buy from a seller on another.](https://bharat.digital/explainers/what-is-ondc/)[Explainer What India Stack is Identity, payments and data: the shared digital building blocks that much of India's digital economy runs on.](https://bharat.digital/explainers/what-is-india-stack/)